In the late nineteenth century symbolism became an art movement of French, Russian and Belgian origin in the arts. The literary works of the likes of Edgar Allan Poe was as influence to symbolism. Symbolism in the aesthetic side of the arts was developed by Stephanie Mallarme and Paul Verlaine in the 1860's and 70's. Symbolism of art is also related to the gothic component of Romanticism.
Symbolist artists used mostly mythological and dream like imagery in their works and are used to portray personal, private, obscure and ambiguous references. Symbolism in art influenced Art Nouveau style and Les Nabis.
In the world of illustration Symbolism is portrayed amazingly in The Purple Book: Sensuality and Symbolism in Contemporary Art and Illustration. This book is filled with illustrations and creations which explore the idea of fantasy, sensuality and the erotic imagination. It represents the human desire's relationship with dream states, fiction and symbolism. The majority of the work in this book is unpublished, personal work and the entry in the book is usually the first print of the work. This book is inspired by The Yellow Book which was published in the 1890's, the colour yellow in this time was seen as sexualised and the colour purple today is seen sensually.
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